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Lord John Hay (Royal Navy officer, born 1827)
Admiral of the Fleet Lord John Hay GCB (23 August 1827 – 4 May 1916) was a Royal Navy officer and politician. After seeing action in 1842 during the First Opium War, he went ashore with the Naval Brigade and took part in the defence of Eupatoria in November 1854 and the Siege of Sevastopol in Spring 1855 during the Crimean War. He also took part in the Battle of Taku Forts in August 1860 during the Second Opium War. As a politician, he became Member of Parliament for Wick and later for Ripon. He was sent to the Mediterranean in July 1878 to take control of Cyprus and to occupy it in accordance with decisions reached at the Congress of Berlin. In a highly political appointment, he was made First Naval Lord in March 1886 when the Marquis of Ripon became First Lord of the Admiralty but had to stand down just five months later when William Gladstone's Liberal Government fell from power in August 1886.
==Early career==
Born the fourth son of George Hay, 8th Marquess of Tweeddale and Lady Susan Montagu (daughter of the William Montagu, 5th Duke of Manchester), Hay joined the Royal Navy in 1840.〔Heathcote, p. 110〕 He was posted to the sixth-rate HMS ''Vestal'' on the China Station in 1842 and saw action during the First Opium War.〔 Promoted to lieutenant on 19 December 1846, he joined the steam frigate HMS ''Spiteful'' at Woolwich that month before transferring to the second-rate HMS ''Powerful'' in the Mediterranean Fleet in April 1848.〔Heathcote, p. 111〕 He was promoted to commander on 28 August 1851 and given command of the sloop HMS ''Wasp'' in the Mediterranean Fleet in August 1852; he went ashore with the Naval Brigade and took part in the defence of Eupatoria in November 1854 and the Siege of Sevastopol in Spring 1855 during the Crimean War.〔 He was wounded in the latter engagement and was appointed to the French Legion of Honour, 5th Class and the Turkish Order of the Medjidie, 4th class for his services in the Crimea.
Promoted to captain – in recognition of his services at Eupatoria – on 27 November 1854 and, having been appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath on 5 July 1855, Hay was given command of the fifth-rate HMS ''Forth'' in December 1855.〔 Entering politics, he became Liberal Member of Parliament for Wick in the 1857 general election and served his constituents there until the 1859 general election.〔 Returning to sea, he became Captain of the paddle frigate HMS ''Odin'' on the East Indies and China Station in September 1859 and took part in the Battle of Taku Forts in August 1860 during the Second Opium War.〔 From 1861 he served as commodore on the East Indies and China Station.〔
Hay became Member of Parliament for Ripon in April 1866 and served as a member of the Admiralty Board until the Liberal Government fell in June 1866; he went on to be Junior Naval Lord in December 1868. He resigned his seat in Parliament in February 1871 and was given command of the ironclad ram HMS ''Hotspur''.〔
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